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- Gerald L. Boerner
Azusa Pacific University &
Riverside Community College/Norco
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- The following schemas present a framework for examining the adoption of
technology into the Teaching/Learning Process
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- For sake of discussion, we identify five general types of classrooms as
they relate to the use of technology, especially web-based technologies
- For each type of classroom, we will examine the general approach &
the types of technologies used…
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- “Low-Tech”, Traditional Classroom
- Technology-supported Classroom
- Hybrid Classroom
- Web-supported Classroom
- Online, Web-based Classroom
- Let’s take a closer look…
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- The “Low Tech”, Traditional Classroom
- More traditional lecture methods, discussion groups, hard copy
handouts, etc. characterize this classroom
- Technologies:
- In office, materials may be prepared via computer
- Classroom presentation via overheads
- TV/VCR and Overhead are “technology”
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- Technology-based Classroom
- Technology is used to present classroom materials (PPT, Simulations,
etc.)
- Communication via e-mail
- Syllabus may be posted on web site, from word processing documents
- Technologies:
- Computer-based presentations, email, etc.
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- The Hybrid Classroom
- Face-to-Face Lectures, Discussion Groups
- Presentations via Computer, Online, and/or Paper
- Communication via email, Threaded Discussion Webs, etc.
- Syllabi AND assignments presented via web pages
- (Cont’d)
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- The Hybrid Classroom (Cont’d)
- Testing from computer-generated tests and delivered either via paper or
online
- Technologies:
- Email and Web Browser essential
- Some course materials “exported” to HTML format
- Web becomes essential part of class
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- The Web-Supported Classroom
- Face-to-Face interactions and information sessions (“Lectures”) are
used when appropriate
- Online lecture materials (PPT) and content (“Streaming”) used for class
preparation
- Most materials (syllabi, assignments, etc.) delivered via web pages
- (Cont’d)
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- The Web-Supported Classroom (Cont’d)
- Threaded Discussions and Chat-type Sessions are integral
- A “wrapper” online delivery systems like Blackboard.com or eCollege.com
are used to create the web-supported environment
- HTML-friendly programs are used to prepare materials (MS Office, etc.)
- (Cont’d)
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- The Web-Supported Classroom (Cont’d)
- Online assessment, grade book, etc. takes the course outside of the
classroom walls
- Technologies:
- “Wrapper” programs for online course management
- HTML-based materials
- Email & Web Browsers (with Plug-ins)
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- The Online Course
- This course is delivered via the web with little or no Face-to-Face
contact
- Online, Course Management Environment is critical
- Support Essential for developing course, maintaining server hardware
& software, and keeping the course up on a 24/7 basis
- (Cont’d)
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- The Online Course
- The Advantages:
- “Anytime, Anywhere” Learning
- Fits into the schedule of the student
- The Disadvantages:
- High impact on teacher for both preparation and delivery — up to 10
times the work!
- Lack of personalization for the students AND teacher — Personality
Style Interactions
- (Cont’d)
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- Technologies:
- Online Delivery Systems
- Online Communications, Testing, Materials Delivery, etc.
- Classroom Presentations using both Static (PPT) and Dynamic
(“Streaming”) media
- New Teaching/Learning Paradigms
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- Examine Yourself on these dimensions:
- Structured vs. Unstructured Approach
- Constructivist vs. “By the Book” Approach
- Interactive vs. Lecture Modes
- Textbook-based vs. Discovery-based
- Individual vs. Group Oriented
- These teaching styles will determine the most appropriate scenario…
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- The following is a summary of the different technologies that can be
used to deliver classroom materials via the Web
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- Major types of Technologies:
- Information Posting
- Basic Classroom Materials
- Supplemental Materials
- Communication & Collaboration
- Classroom Resources
- Assessments (Quizzes, Tests & Surveys)
- Student Work Submissions
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- Announcements & Alerts
- Upcoming events and assignments
- Online “wrapper” or free websites like ListBot.com
- Calendar of Activities
- Course DUE Dates & Special Events
- Online “wrapper” or free websites like eGroup.com
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- Basic Classroom Materials
- Course Syllabus
- Class Schedule of Activities & Assignments
- Instructor Information
- Agendas and Deadlines
- Format for “legal” documents
- Use Acrobat format (PDF) before posting
- Prevents changing content!
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- Handouts
- PowerPoint Presentations online
- Supplemental Instructional Materials (often in Acrobat PDF format)
- Lectures and/or Supplements
- “Streaming” Media (audio, video, etc.)
- Digitized Video [Demo]
- Animations & Simulations
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- Communications
- Asynchronous
- Email (preferably web-based)
- Threaded Discussions
- File Sharing
- Synchronous
- Chat-type conferences
- Audio and/or videoconferencing
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- Collaboration
- Group Projects
- Collaborative Research
- Collaborative Writing
- Format: Web Pages and/or Site
- Discussions & Interacti0ns
- Personalize the online experience
- Sharing information
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- Print References
- Bibliographies
- Online Bookstores
- Library Databases
- Web Site Resources
- Supplemental Information
- Tutorials
- “Starting Points” for Research Beginnings
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- Database-driven Resources
- “Webliography™” for student-contributed web search information
- Dynamic Reading lists with contributions from students and colleagues
- Bibliographic search engines like BookEnds (Academic Version: $100)
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- Online Testing
- Quizzes
- Examinations
- Surveys
- Online Gradebook
- Assessments
- Assignments and Activities
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- “Digital” Drop Box
- Students submit work electronically via one-way FTP via the Browser
- Eliminates piles of paper and/or disks
- Time and Date “stamps” the submission
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- The programs listed below are the authors’ “best bets” from the various
categories based on our experience…
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- A good office suite with integral HTML (and/or XML) capabilities
- Office 2000 (Microsoft — PC)
- Office 97/98 (Microsoft — PC & Mac)
- CorelOffice (Corel — PC)
- A good relational database management system — ODBC-compliant
- Access 2000 (Microsoft — PC)
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- Preference:
- FrontPage 2000 (Microsoft — PC)
- Dreamweaver 3 (Macromedia — PC & Mac)
- Also good:
- HomeSite (Allaire — PC)
- Fusion (NetObjects — PC)
- Key feature: Ability to switch between WYSIWYG and HTML modes
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- Presentation Graphics
- PowerPoint 2000 (Microsoft — PC)
- (Also will work with 97/98 on PC & Mac, respectively)
- Graphic Editors — “Basic”
- Visio 5/2000 (Visio — PC)
- MacDraw Pro/Claris Draw (Claris — Mac)
- Photo Deluxe (Adobe — PC & Mac)
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- Graphic Editors — “Intermediate”
- PaintShop Pro (JASC — PC”)
- Graphic Editors — “Advanced”
- PhotoShop (Adobe — PC & Mac)
- Fireworks 3 (Macromedia — PC & Mac)
- PhotoImpact (Ulead — PC)
- Video Editors
- Premiere (Adobe — PC & Mac)
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- Converting Graphics
- Graphic Workshop (Mind Alchemy — PC)
- Debabelizer (Equilibrium — PC & Mac)
- Converting Text
- Conversion Plus (DataViz — PC)
- MacLink Plus (DataViz — Mac)
- (Many Office Packages can also do text conversions)
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- Real Networks
- RealPresenter (for PowerPoint)
- RealSlideShow
- RealProducer
- Windows Streaming Media
- PowerPoint Add-In
- Other Tools…
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- General Considerations
- Each digital device will ship with its own software (little uniformity)
- Required: “Twain”-compliant Driver
- Scanners
- Digital Cameras
- Video Capture Cards
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Notes
