CHAPTER FOUR. NAMES AND TITLES OF THE ANTICHRIST.
There is a distinct science of nomenclature, a
system of names, in the Word of God. Probably every name in Scripture has
either a historic, a symbolic, or a spiritual significance. The names are
inseparably bound up with the narrative, and it frequently happens that the
meaning of a proper noun is a key to an important passage. Names are not
employed by the Holy Spirit in a loose and careless manner - of course not! -
but with definite design. A variety of names for the same individual are not
given in order to prevent monotonous repetition, but because the significance
of each separate appellation is best fitted to express what is recorded in any
given instance. "Devil" and "Satan" are not synonyms, nor are they used at
haphazard, but with Divine discrimination. Upon the meaning of names found in
Holy Writ rests a whole scheme of interpretation; even the order in which names
occur is not fortuitous but designed, and constitutes a part of each lesson
taught, or each truth presented.
There is here a wide field opened for study, a
field which few have made serious effort to explore. It is strange that it has
been so neglected, for again and again the Holy Spirit calls attention to the
importane and meaning of names. In the first book of the Bible we find that
children and places were given meaningful names, which called to remembrance
incidents, experiences, characteristics of interest and importance. Examples
are given where names changed to harmonize with a change in the person, place,
experience, or situation where it occurred. Abram and Sarai will at once occur
to mind. For a place, take Luz, which was changed to Bethel! - "House of God" -
because by reason of a vision he received there it became that to Jacob.
Jacob's name is changed to Israel; and in the New Testament an example is
furnished in Simeon being re-named Peter. In Heb. 7:1,2 the Holy Spirit calls
attention to the significance of the names Melchizedik and Salem (Jerusalem).
These are sufficient to show the importance of this line of study.
Names are used in Scripture with marvelous
discrimination, and it was this fact which first demonstrated to the writer,
the verbal inspiration of Scripture. The precision with which names are used in
the Bible is especially noticeable in connection with the Divine titles. The
names Elohim and Jehovah are found on the pages of the Old Testament several
thousand times, but they are never used loosely or interchangeably. Over three
hundred names and titles are given to the Lord Jesus Christ, and each has its
own distinctive significance and to substitute any other for the one used would
destroy the beauty and perfections of every passage where they are found.
Names are employed to express character; titles
are used to denote relationships. It is only as we make a careful study of the
various and numerous names and titles of the Lord Jesus Christ, that we are in
a position to appreciate His infinite excellencies and the manifold
relationships which He sustains. From an opposite standpoint the same is
equally true of the Antichrist. As we pay careful attention to the different
names and titles which are given to him, we then discover what a marvelously
complete delineation the Holy Spirit has furnished us with of the person, the
character, and career of this monster of wickedness. It is unfortunate that the
great variety of names bestowed upon him has led some brethren to the
conclusion that they must belong to separate persons, and has caused them to
apportion these out to different individuals; only confusion can result from
this. There is almost as much ground to make the Devil and Satan different
persons, as there is to regard (as some do) the Beast and the Antichrist as
separate entities. That the Devil and Satan are names belonging to the same
person, and that the Beast and the Antichrist is the selfsame individual, is
proven by the fact that identically the same characteristics under each is
found belonging to the one as to the other. Instead of apportioning these names
to different persons, we must see that they denominate the same individual,
only in different relationships, or as giving us various phases of his
character.
An old writer has said the name Devil is most
suggestive of his character. If "d" is taken away, evil is left. If "e"
is taken away vile is left. If "v" is taken away ill is left. And
if "i" is taken away and the next letter be aspirated, it tells of hell.
It is equally true of the Antichrist: his names reveal his character, expose
his vileness, and forecast his career and doom.
The names and titles given to the Antichrist are
far more numerous than is commonly supposed. We propose to give as complete a
list as possible, and offer a few comments on their significations. We shall
not expatiate on them at equal length, for that is not necessary; instead, we
shall say the most on those cognomens which are of the greater importance, or,
which because of their ambiguity call for a more detailed elucidation.
1. THE ANTICHRIST
"Who is a liar but he that denieth that Jesus
is the Christ? He is Antichrist, that denieth the Father and the Son" (1
John 2:22). This name introduces to us one of the most solemn and foreboding
subjects in the Word of God. It brings before us one of the persons in the
Trinity of Evil. At every point he is the antithesis of Christ. The word
"Antichrist" has a double significance. Its primary meaning is one who is
opposed to Christ; but its secondary meaning is one who is instead of
Christ. Let not this be thought strange, for it accords with the two stages in
his career. At first he will pose as the true Christ, masquerading in the
livery of religion. But, later, he will throw off his disguise, stand forth in
his true character, and set himself up as one who is against God and His
Christ.
Not only does anti-christ denote the
antagonist of Christ, but it tells of one who is instead of Christ. The word
signifies another Christ, a pro-Christ, an alter christus, a pretender
to the name of Christ. He will seem to be and will set himself up as the true
Christ. He will be the Devil's counterfeit. Just as the Devil is an
Anti-theos - not only the adversary of God, but the usurper of
the place and prerogatives of God, demanding worship; so the Son of Perdition
will be anti-christ - not only the antagonist and opponent of Christ,
but His reval: assuming the very position and prerogatives of Christ; passing
himself off as the rightful claimant to all the rights and honors of the Son of
God.
2. THE MAN OF SIN, THE SON OF PERDITION.
"Let no man deceive you by any means: for
that day shall not come, except there come a falling away first, and that
Man of Sin be revealed, the Son of Perdition" (2 Thess. 2:3).
This double appellation is probably the most awful, the most important, and the
most revealing title given to the Antichrist in all the Bible. It diagnoses his
personality and exposes his awful character. It tells us he will be possessed
of a twofold nature: he will be a man, and yet more than a man. He will be
Satan's parody of the God-Man. He will be an incarnation of the Devil. The
world today is talking of and looking for the Super-man. This is exactly what
the Antichrist will be. He will be the Serpent's masterpiece.
"That Man of Sin". What a frightful name! The sin
of man will culminate in the Man of Sin. The Christ of God was sinless; the
Christ of Satan will not only be sinful, but the Man of Sin. "Man of Sin"
intimates that he will be the living and active embodiment of every form and
character of evil. "Man of Sin" signifies that he will be sin itself
personified. "Man of Sin" denotes there will be no lengths of wickedness to
which he will not go, no forms of evil to which he will be a stranger, no
depths of corruption that he will not bottom.
"The Son of Perdition". And again we are forced
to exclaim, what a frightful name! Not only a human degenerate, but the
offspring of the Dragon. Not only the worst of human kind, but the incarnation
of the Devil. Not only the most depraved of all sinners, but an emanation from
the Pit itself. "Son of Perdition" denotes that he will be the culmination and
consummation of satanic craft and power. All the evil, malignity, cunning, and
power of the Serpent will be embodied in this terrible monster.
3. THE LAWLESS ONE.
"And then shall be revealed the Lawless
One, whom the Lord Jesus shall slay with the breath of His mouth, and bring
to nought by the manifestation of His coming" (2 Thess. 2:8 R. V.). This is
another name of the Antichrist which makes manifest his awful character. Each
of his names exhibits him as the antithesis of the true Christ. The Lord Jesus
was the Righteous One; the Man of Sin will be the Lawless One. The Lord Jesus
was "made under the law" (Gal. 4:4); the Antichrist will oppose all law, being
a law unto himself. When the Saviour entered this world, He came saying, "Lo I
come to do Thy will, O God" (Heb. 10:9); but of the Antichrist it is written
"And the king shall do according to his will" (Dan. 11:36). The
Antichrist will set himself up in direct opposition to all authority, both
Divine and human.
4. THE BEAST.
"And when they shall have finished their
testimony the Beast that ascendeth out of the bottomless pit shall make
war against them, and shall overcome them, and kill them" (Rev. 11:7). This is
another name which reveals the terrible nature and character of the Antichrist
and which places him in sharp antithesis from the true Christ. "The Beast" is
the title by which he is most frequently designated in the Revelation: there
are at least thirty references to him under this name in the last book of the
Bible. The Greek word signifies a wild beast. This name "the Beast" contrasts
the Antichrist from the true Christ as "the Lamb"; and it is a significant fact
that by far the great majority of passages where the Lord Jesus is so
designated are also found here in the Apocalypse. The "Lamb" is the Saviour of
sinners; the "Beast" is the persecutor and slayer of the saints. The "Lamb"
calls attention to the gentleness of Christ; the "Beast" tells of the ferocity
of the Antichrist. The "Lamb" reveals Christ as the "harmless" One (Heb. 7:26);
the "Beast" manifests the Antichrist as the cruel and heartless one. Under the
Law lambs were ceremonially clean and used in sacrifice, but beasts were
unclean and unfit for sacrifices.
It is a point of interest to note that there is
one other very striking contrast between the persons in the Holy Trinity, and
the persons in the trinity of evil. At our Lord's baptism the Holy Spirit
descended upon Him in the form of a dove, and the first mention of the Holy
Spirit in Scripture represents Him as "brooding" like a dove over the waters
which covered the pre-Adamic earth (Gen. 1:2). How remarkable are those symbols
- a "Lamb" and a "Dove"! A Dove, not a hawk or an eagle. The gentle, harmless,
cooing "dove". Over against this the Devil is termed "the Dragon". What a
contrast - the Dove and the Lamb, the Dragon and the Beast!
5. THE BLOODY AND DECEITFUL MAN.
"Thou shalt destroy them that speak leasing:
the Lord will abhor the Bloody and Deceitful Man" (Psa. 5:6). The Psalm
from which this verse is quoted contains a prayer of the godly Jewish remnant,
offered during the Tribulation period. In proof of this assertion observe that
in v. 2 God is owned and addressed as "King". In v. 7 intimation is given that
the Temple has been rebuild in Jerusalem, for turning away from it when it has
been defiled by "the Abomination of Desolation", the remnant say, "But as for
me I will come into Thy house in the multitude of Thy mercy: and in Thy
fear will I worship toward Thy Holy Temple". While in v. 10 we find them
praying for the destruction of their enemies, which is parallel with Rev. 6:10.
It is during that time the faithful remnant will exclaim, "Thou shalt destroy
them that speak leasing: the Lord will abhor the Bloody and Deceitful Man".
The Bloody and Deceitful Man views the Antichrist
in relation to the Jews. In the earlier stages of his public career he poses as
their friend and benefactor. He recognizes their rights as a separate State and
appears anxious to protect their autonomy. He makes a formal covenant with them
(Dan. 9:27) and their peace and security seem assured. But a few years later he
comes out in his true character. His fair speeches and professions of
friendship are seen to be false. He breaks his covenant (Psa. 55:20) and turns
upon the Jews in fury. Their benefactor is now their worst enemy. The protector
of their interests now aims to cut them off from being a nation in the earth
(Psa. 83:4). Thus is he rightfully denominated by them "the Bloody and
Deceitful Man".
6. THE WICKED ONE.
"The Wicked (One) in his pride doth persecute
the poor: the Wicked (One), through the pride of his countenance, will not seek
after God" (Psa. 10:2,4). This entire Psalm is about the Wicked One. The
opening verse gives the key to its dispensational scope. It contains the cry of
the Jewish remnant during the Tribulation period, here denominated "Times of
Trouble" (cf. Jer. 30:7). So desperate is the situation of the true Israel, it
seems as though Jehovah must have deserted them - "Why standeth Thou afar off,
O Lord? Why hidest Thou Thyself in times of trouble? (v. 1). Then follows a
remarkably full description of their arch-enemy, the Wicked One. His pride (v.
2), his depravity: "He abhorreth the Lord" (v. 3 margin); his blasphemy: "All
his thoughts are, There is no God" (v. 4 margin); his grievous ways, (v. 5);
his consuming egotism, (v. 6); his deceitfulness, (v. 7); his treachery, (v.
8); his cruelty, (vv. 9,10); his complacent pride, (v. 11), is each described.
Then the Remnant cry, "Arise, O Lord; O God, lift up Thine hand: forget not the
humble. Break Thou the arm of the Wicked and Evil One" (vv. 12 and 15). The
whole Psalm should be carefully studied.
7. THE MAN OF THE EARTH.
"To judge the fatherless and the oppressed,
that the Man of the Earth may no more oppress" (Psa. 10:18). The "Wicked
One" describes his character; the "Man of the Earth" defines his position. The
one speaks of his awful depths of depravity; the other of his vast dominions.
The sphere of his operations will be no mere local one, He will become
World-emperor. He will be a king of kings and lord of lords, (Rev. 13:7). When
the true Christ appeared on earth Satan offered Him "all the kingdoms of the
world and the glory of them" if He would fall down and worship him. When the
false Christ appears, this offer will be repeated, the conditions will be met,
and the tempting gift will be bestowed (Rev. 13:2). In consequence of this he
shall be "the Man of the Earth"; just as later, Christ shall be "King over all
the earth" (Zech. 14:7).
8. THE MIGHTY MAN.
"Why boasteth thou thyself in mischief, O
Mighty Man" (Psa. 52:1). This is another Psalm which is devoted to a
description of this fearful character. Here again we have mention of his
boastfulness (v. 1), his deceitfulness (v. 2), his depravity (v. 3), his
egotism (v. 4), his riches (v. 7). His doom is also announced (v. 5). This
title, the Mighty Man, refers to his immense wealth and possessions, and the
power which they confer upon their possessor. It also points a striking
contrast: Christ was the Lowly Man, not having where to lay His head; the
Antichrist will be the Mighty Man, of whom it is said, "Lo, this is the man
that made not God his strength; but trusted in the abundance of his riches, and
strengthened himself in his substance" (:sa. 52:7).
9. THE ENEMY.
"Because of the voice of the Enemy,
because of the oppression of the Wicked: for they cast iniquity upon me, and in
wrath they hate me" (Psa. 55:3). This is another title used of the Antichrist
in connection with Israel, a title which recurs several times both in the
Psalms and the Prophets. It points a designed contrast from that Friend
that "sticketh closer than a brother". This Enemy of Israel oppresses them
sorely. His duplicity and treachery are here referred to. Concerning him Israel
shall exclaim, "The words of his mouth were smoother than butter, but war was
in his heart: his words were softer than oil, yet were they drawn swords" (Psa.
52:21). Let the student be on the lookout for passages in the Old Testament
which make mention of the Enemy.
10. THE ADVERSARY.
"They said in their hearts, Let us destroy
them together: they have burned up all the synagogues of God in the land. We
see not our signs: there is no more any profit: neither is there any among us
that knoweth how long. O God, how long shall the Adversary reproach?
Shall the Enemy blaspheme Thy name forever?" (Psa. 74:8-10). This title occurs
in several important passages. In Isa. 59:19 we read, "So shall they fear the
name of the Lord from the west, and His glory from the rising of the sun. When
the Adversary shall come in like a flood, the Spirit of the Lord shall lift up
a standard against him". Lam. 4:11,12 is another scripture which obviously
speaks of the End-time. "The Lord hath accomplished His fury; He hath poured
out His fierce anger, and hath kindled a fire in Zion, and it hath devoured the
foundations thereof. The kings of the earth, and all the inhabitants of the
world, would not have believed that the Adversary and the Enemy should have
entered into the gates of Jerusalem". In Amos 3:11 we read, "Therefore thus
saith the Lord God; an Adversary there shall be even round about the land; and
he shall bring down thy strength from thee, and thy palaces shall be spoiled".
This is a title which intimates his satanic origin, for the Greek word for
Devil means adversary.
11. THE HEAD OVER MANY COUNTRIES.
"He shall judge among the heathen, he shall
fill the places with the dead bodies; he shall wound the Head over many
countries" (Psa. 110:6). The context here shows that it must be the
Antichrist which is in view. The Psalm opens by the Father inviting the Son to
sit at His right hand until His enemies shall be made His footstool. Then
follows the affirmation that Jehovah will display His strength out of
Jerusalem, and make His people Israel willing in the day of His power. Then,
following Jehovah's oath that Christ is a Priest forever after the order of
Melchizedek (which contemplates the exercise of His millennial and royal
priesthood), we read, "The Lord at thy right hand shall strike through kings in
the day of His wrath. He shall judge among the heathen, He shall fill the
places with the dead bodies; He shall wound the Head over many countries". The
"Day of His wrath" is the closing portion of the Tribulation period, and in the
Day of His wrath. He wounds this Head over many countries. The Head over many
countries refers to the Man of Sin as the Caesar of the last world-empire,
prior to the establishment of the Messianic Kingdom.
12. THE VIOLENT MAN.
"Deliver me, O Lord, from the Evil Man:
preserve me from the Violent Man" (Ps. 140:1). This is another Psalm
which expresses the plaintive supplications of the godly remnant in the "time
of Jacob's trouble". Three times over the Antichrist is denominated the Violent
Man. In v. 1 the remnant pray to be delivered from him. In v. 4 the petition is
repeated. In v. 11 his doom is foretold. Cry is made for God to take vengeance
upon this bloody persecutor: "Let the burning coals fall upon them: let them be
cast into the fire; into deep pits, that they rise not up again. Let not an
evil speaker be established in the earth: evil shall hunt the Violent Man to
overthrow him" (Psa. 140:10,11). The Violent Man is a name which fully accords
with his Beast-like character. It tells of his ferocity and rapacity.
13. THE ASSYRIAN.
"O Assyrian, the rod of Mine anger,
and the staff in their hand in Mine indignation...Wherefore it shall come to
pass, that when the Lord hath performed His whole work upon mount Zion and on
Jerusalem, I will punish the fruit of the stout heart of the King of
Assyria, and the glory of his high looks" (Isa. 10:5,12). We cannot here
attempt an exposition of the important passage in which these verses occur -
that, in subsequent chapters, we shall treat in detail of the Antichrist in the
Psalms, and the Antichrist in the Prophets - suffice it now to point out that
it treats of the End-time (see vv. 12,20), and that the leading characteristics
of the Man of Sin can be clearly discerned in what is here said of the
Assyrian. Almost all pre-millennial students of prophecy are agreed that "the
King of Isa. 30:33 is the Antichrist, and yet in the two verses which precede,
this "King" is identified with "the Assyrian".
14. THE KING OF BABYLON.
"Thou shalt take up this proverb against
the King of Babylon, and say, How hath the oppressor ceased! the golden
city ceased!" (Isa. 14:4). We do not wish to anticipate what we shall discuss
at length in our future studies, enough now to state it is our firm conviction
that Scripture plainly teaches that there will be another Babylon which will
eclipse the importance and glories of the one of the past, and that Babylon
will be one of the headquarters of the Antichrist. He will have three:
Jerusalem will be his religious headquarters, Rome his political,
and Babylon his commercial. For those who desire to anticipate our
future expositions, we recommend them to make a minute study of Isa.
10,11,13,14; Jer. 49:51; Zech. 5, and Rev. 18.
15. SON OF THE MORNING.
"How art thou fallen from heaven O Lucifer,
son of the Morning! How art thou cut down to the ground, which didst
weaken the nations" (Isa. 14:12). "Lucifer is a Latin word which signifies the
"morning star". "All the ancient versions and all the Rabbins make the word a
noun denoting the bright one, or, more specifically, bright star,
or according to the ancients more specifically still, the Morning Star
or harbinger of daylight" (Dr. J. A. Alexander). This term "Lucifer" has been
commonly regarded as one of the names of Satan, and what is here said of the
Morning Star is viewed as describing his apostasy. Against this interpretation
we have nothing to say, except to remark that we are satisfied it does not
exhaust this remarkable scripture. A detailed exposition must be reserved for a
later chapter. Sufficient now to point out that however Isa. 14 may look back
to the distant past when, through pride, Satan fell from his original estate,
it most evidently looks forward to a coming day and gives another picture of
the Antichrist. In this same passage "Lucifer" is termed "the Man that did make
the earth to tremble" (v. 16), and in his blasphemous boast "I will be like the
Most High" (v. 14), we have no difficulty in identifying him with the Man of
Sin of 2 Thess. 2:3,4. The force of this particular title "Morning Star" is
seen by comparing it with Rev. 22:16, where we learn that this is one of the
titles of the God-man. The "Morning Star" speaks of Christ coming to usher in
the great Day of rest for the earth. In blasphemous travesty of this Satan will
send forth the mock messiah to usher in a false millennium.
16. THE SPOILER.
"Let mine outcasts dwell with thee, Moab; be
thou a covert to them from the face of the Spoiler: for the Extortioner
is at an end, the Spoiler ceaseth, the oppressors are consumed out of
the land. And in mercy shall the throne be established: and He shall sit upon
it in truth in the tabernacle of David, judging, and seeking judgment, and
hasting righteousness" (Isa. 16:4,5). It will be observed that the verse in
which the Antichrist is spoken of as the Spoiler comes immediately before the
one where we read of the throne being established, a reference, of course, to
the setting up of the Messianic Kingdom. These two things synchronize: the
destruction of Antichrist, and the beginning of the real Messiah's reign; hence
we read here "the Spoiler ceaseth". A further reference to the Man of Sin under
this title of the Spoiler is found in Jer. 6:26: "O daughter of My people, gird
thee with sackcloth, and wallow thyself in ashes: make thee mournings, as for
an only son, most bitter lamentation: for the Spoiler shall suddenly
come upon thee". This is another title which views the Antichrist in connection
with Israel. After the return of many of the Jews to Palestine, and after their
rights have been owned by the Powers, and their security and success seem
assured; their enemy, filled with satanic malice, will seek their
extermination. "The Spoiler" contrasts him with the Lord Jesus who is the great
Restorer (see Psa. 69:4).
17. THE NAIL.
"In that day, saith the Lord of hosts, shall
the Nail that is fastened in the sure place be removed, and be cut down,
and fall; and the burden that was upon it shall be cut off: for the Lord hath
spoken it" (Isa. 22:25). The last ten verses of this chapter should be read
carefully. They furnish a striking foreshadowment of the End-time. Shebna was
holding some office over (note "government" in v. 21) Israel. Apparently he was
a usurper. God announced that he should be set aside in shame, and the man of
His choice - Eliakim - should take his place. These historical figures merge
into prophetic characters. In v. 22 we read that God says, "And the key of the
house of David will lay upon His shoulder, so He shall open, and none shall
shut; and He shall shut, and none shall open". As we know from Rev. 3:7 this
refers to none other than the Lord Jesus, and of Him it is here said, "And I
will fasten Him as a Nail in a sure place; and He shall be for a glorious
throne to His father's house" (v. 23). Then, in the closing verse of the
chapter we read, "In that day, saith the Lord of hosts, shall the Nail that is
fastened in a sure place be removed, and be cut down, and fall". Just as
Eliakim foreshadowed Christ, so Shebna pointed forward to the Antichrist; and
just as in v.23 we have a prophecy announcing the establishment of Messiah's
Kingdom, so in v. 25 we have foretold the overthrow of the false messiah's
kingdom.
18. THE BRANCH OF THE TERRIBLE ONES.
"Thou shalt bring down the noise of
strangers, as the heat in a dry place; even the heat with the shadow of a
cloud; the Branch of the terrible ones shall be brought low" (Isa.
25:5). The first five verses of this chapter contemplate the Enemy's stronghold
- Babylon - and the remainder of the chapter pictures the blessedness of the
millennial era. In the fifth verse the Antichrist's overthrow is announced:
"The Branch of the terrible ones shall be brought low". With this should be
compared Isa. 14:19, where of Lucifer it is said, "Thou art cast out of thy
grave like an abominable Branch". This points another contrast. The "Branch" is
one of the Messianic names: "Behold, I will bring forth My Servant, the Branch"
(Zech. 3:8); "Behold the man whose name is the Branch" (Zech. 6:12). By placing
together Isa. 4:2 and Isa. 14:19 the antithesis will be more evident. Of Christ
it is said, "The Branch of the Lord shall be beautiful and glorious".
Antichrist is called "an abominable Branch": Christ is "the Branch of
the Lord"; Antichrist is "the Branch of the terrible ones".
19. THE PROFANE AND WICKED PRINCE OF ISRAEL.
"And thou, profane wicked Prince of
Israel, whose day is come, when iniquity shall have an end, thus saith the
Lord God; remove the diadem, and take off the crown; this shall not be the
same; exalt him that is low, and abase him that is high. I will overturn,
overturn, overturn it: and it shall be no more, until He come whose right it
is; and I will give it Him" (Ezek. 21:25-27). The Profane and Wicked Prince of
Israel here can be none other than the Antichrist, for we are expressly told
that his day shall be when iniquity shall have an end". The reference is, of
course, to Israel's "iniquity", and their iniquity shall end at the appearing
of the Messiah (see Dan. 9:24) when "He shall be a priest upon His throne"
(Zech. 6:13). "Here in Ezekiel we see how the Son of Perdition shall ape the
Christ of God, for he, too, will be a priest-king: "Remove the diadem" refers
to the insignia of his priesthood (in every other place in the O. T. where this
occurs the Hebrew word here translated "diadem" it is rendered "mitre" - worn
only by the high priest of Israel); "take off the crown" is the symbol of his
kingship.
20. THE LITTLE HORN.
"I considered the horns, and, behold, there
came up among them another Little Horn, before whom there were three of
the first horns plucked up by the roots: and, behold, in this Horn were eyes
like the eyes of man, and a mouth speaking great things" (Dan. 7:8). For a full
description of the Antichrist under this title see Dan. 7:8-11, 21-26; 8:9-12,
23-25. We must reserve our comments on these verses till a later chapter.
"Little Horn" refers to the lowly political origin of the Antichrist,
and describes him as he is before he attains governmental supremacy.
21. THE PRINCE THAT SHALL COME.
"And after three score and two weeks shall
Messiah be cut off, but not for Himself: and the people of the Prince that
shall come shall destroy the city and the sanctuary" (Dan. 9:26). This
title connects the Antichrist with the Roman Empire in its final form, and
presents him as the last of the Ceasars.
22. THE VILE PERSON.
"And in his estate shall stand up a Vile
Person, to whom they shall not give the honor of the kingdom: but he shall
come in peaceably, and obtain the kingdom by flatteries" (Dan. 11:21). This
contrasts the Antichrist from "the Holy One of Israel". His identity is
established by noting what is predicted of him.
23. THE WILFUL KING.
"And the King shall do according to
his will; and he shall exalt himself, and magnify himself above every
god, and shall speak marvelous things against the God of gods, and shall
prosper till the indignation be accomplished: for that that is determined shall
be done" (Dan. 11:36). The Antichrist will not only be the High Priest of the
world's religion, but he will be King supreme at the head of its government.
24. THE IDOL SHEPHERD.
"For, lo, I will raise up a Shepherd in the
land, which shall not visit those that be cut off, neither shall seek the young
ones, nor heal that that is broken, nor feed that that standeth still: but he
shall eat the flesh of the fat, and tear their claws in pieces. Woe to the
Idol Shepherd that leaveth the flock! The sword shall be upon his arm, and
upon his right eye: his arm shall be clean dried up, and his right eye shall be
utterly darkened" (Zech. 11:16,17). This is in evident contrast from the Good
Shepherd who gave His life for His sheep. The Idol Shepherd of deluded Israel
will prove himself the monster Desolator, who shall bring upon that people the
severest tribulations ever experiences by that race.
25. THE ANGEL OF THE BOTTOMLESS PIT.
"And they had a king over them, which is
the Angel of the bottomless pit, whose name in the Hebrew tongue is
Abaddon, but in the Greek tongue hath his name Apollyon" (Rev. 9:11). "Abaddon"
and "Apollyon" mean Destroyer. It is the "Spoiler" of Isa. 16:4 rendered
"Destroyer" in Jer. 4:7. That his name is here given in the Hebrew and the
Greek shows that he will be connected with both the Jews and the Gentiles.
Other names of the Antichrist which the student
may look up are, "The Rod of God's anger" (Isa. 10:12); "The Unclean Spirit"
(Matt. 12:43); "The Lie" (2 Thess. 2:11); "A Star" (Rev. 8:10 and 9:1); and
"The Vine of the Earth" (Rev. 14:18).
In our next chapter we shall deal with the genius
of the Antichrist, and point out the many striking comparisons and contrasts
between him and the Christ of God. Let the student see how many points of
resemblance and opposition he can find.